302 research outputs found
Development of a hardware-In-the-Loop (HIL) testbed for cyber-physical security in smart buildings
As smart buildings move towards open communication technologies, providing
access to the Building Automation System (BAS) through the intranet, or even
remotely through the Internet, has become a common practice. However, BAS was
historically developed as a closed environment and designed with limited
cyber-security considerations. Thus, smart buildings are vulnerable to
cyber-attacks with the increased accessibility. This study introduces the
development and capability of a Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) testbed for testing
and evaluating the cyber-physical security of typical BASs in smart buildings.
The testbed consists of three subsystems: (1) a real-time HIL emulator
simulating the behavior of a virtual building as well as the Heating,
Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) equipment via a dynamic simulation in
Modelica; (2) a set of real HVAC controllers monitoring the virtual building
operation and providing local control signals to control HVAC equipment in the
HIL emulator; and (3) a BAS server along with a web-based service for users to
fully access the schedule, setpoints, trends, alarms, and other control
functions of the HVAC controllers remotely through the BACnet network. The
server generates rule-based setpoints to local HVAC controllers. Based on these
three subsystems, the HIL testbed supports attack/fault-free and
attack/fault-injection experiments at various levels of the building system.
The resulting test data can be used to inform the building community and
support the cyber-physical security technology transfer to the building
industry.Comment: Presented at the 2023 ASHRAE Winter Conferenc
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